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1.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 85: e0762015, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-998438

ABSTRACT

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a species of great economic importance to Brazil. In its control, the main option is the use of synthetic miticides, which, if used indiscriminately, can contaminate the environment, farmers and consumers. In the search for control alternatives, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of plant extracts and essential oils on females of this pest. For this, T. urticae females, reared in laboratory, were sprayed in Potter tower. Fourteen plants were tested in the form of aqueous extracts (AE), hydroethanolic extracts (HE) or essential oils (EO). The experimental plot consisted of a Petri dish with a Canavalia ensiformis L. leaf disk containing five T. urticae females, using ten plates per treatment. Mortality evaluations were performed 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after spraying, recording the number of dead females on the disc and the number of dead females on the moistened cotton. We considered that females found on cotton were repelled by treatments. Matricaria chamomilla L. HE and Pimpinella anisum L. AE have acaricidal effect for females, providing above 83% of mortality, after 120 hours. Origanum vulgare L. HE causes at least 75% mortality after 24 hours. Also 120 hours after spraying, P. anisum HE and O. vulgare AE cause repellency of females above 16%, and A. absinthium HE exceeds 22% for this parameter. The results stimulate further researches to determine the optimum dose and evaluation of additional effects on the fertility of surviving females.(AU)


Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) é uma espécie de grande importância econômica para o Brasil. Em seu controle, a principal opção são os acaricidas sintéticos, que, se usados de forma indiscriminada, podem contaminar ambiente, produtores e consumidores. Na busca de alternativas de controle, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de extratos vegetais e óleos essenciais sobre fêmeas dessa praga. Para isso, fêmeas de T. ­urticae criadas em laboratório foram pulverizadas em torre de Potter. Foram testadas 14 espécies vegetais, na forma de extratos aquosos (EA), hidroetanólicos (EH) ou óleos essenciais (OE). A parcela experimental consistiu de uma placa de Petri com um disco de folha de feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ­ensiformis L.) contendo cinco fêmeas de T. urticae, sendo utilizadas dez placas por tratamento. As avaliações de mortalidade foram realizadas 24, 48, 72, 96 e 120 horas após a pulverização, registrando-se o número de fêmeas mortas no disco e no algodão umedecido. Considerou-se que fêmeas encontradas no algodão foram repelidas pelos tratamentos. Matricaria chamomilla L. na forma de extrato hidroetanólico e Pimpinella anisum L. na forma de extrato aquoso possuem efeito acaricida para fêmeas proporcionando acima de 83% de mortalidade, após 120 horas da pulverização. Origanum ­vulgare L. EH causa no mínimo 75% de mortalidade após 24 horas. Também após 120 horas, P. anisum EH e O. vulgare EA causam repelência de fêmeas acima de 16% e A. absinthium EH ultrapassa 22% para esse parâmetro. Os resultados estimulam a realização de pesquisas futuras para determinação da dose ótima e avaliação de efeitos adicionais sobre a fertilidade das fêmeas sobreviventes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Plant Extracts , Pest Control/methods , Tetranychidae , Acaricides , Origanum , Pimpinella , Matricaria , Canavalia , Environmental Pollution
2.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine ; (12): 60-67, 2015.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-950904

ABSTRACT

Anisi aetheroleum is the oil obtained from Pimpinella anisum L. (P. anisum) by steam distillation. P. anisum seeds were air-dried, and then the dry seeds were crushed, pulverized, and weighed in sequence for anise oil preparation. P. anisum is one of the oldest medicinal plants that belong to family Apiaceae. The fruit of P. anisum is harvested in August and September. P. anisum is widespread in Asia, Africa and Europe. Local names of P. anisum include anise, anisoon, roomy, saunf, sweet cumin and yansoon. The anise oil odour is aromatic while the oil tastes sweet. The average daily dose of Anisi aetheroleum is 0.3 g. trans-Anethole is the major ingredient of the anise oil. Anisi aetheroleum also displays a protective action against neurotoxicity. In addition, Anisi aetheroleum increases glucose absorption and reduces urine output in the rat. The plant oil have pharmacological (antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, bronchodilator, estrogenic, expectorant and insecticidal) effects and clinical effects on nausea, constipation, menopausal period, virus, diabetes, obesity and sedative action. Owing to the wide application of Anisi aetheroleum in pharmacological and clinical fields, it is recommended for more clinical trails to discover a new medication from the active constituents of the plant oil in the future to treat human diseases especially chronic ones.

3.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 13(5): 458-465, sept.2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-786493

ABSTRACT

Pimpinella anisum L. (Aniseed) is mostly used as an immune stimulant, growth promoter, antifungal, antibacterial in many countries for centuries. The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effect of aniseed against Newcastle Disease (ND) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) viruses. The immunomodulatory effect of aniseed against ND and IBD viruses were determined by modifying splenic cell migration inhibition assay and differential leukocyte count for cellular immunity. Haemagglutination inhibition and indirect haemagglutination were used for measurement of humoral immune response against ND and IBD viruses, respectively. The present study suggests that the aniseed addition to basal diet at the rate of 0.5 g/kg and 1 g/kg of feed had best immunomodulatory activity both for humoral and cellular immune responses. However, at higher doses aniseed had adverse effects. Aniseed possesses significant immunomodulatory activity when it is added at lower doses i.e., 0.5 g/kg and 1 g/kg.


Pimpinella anisum L. (Anís) se utiliza principalmente como un estimulante inmunológico, promotor del crecimiento, antifúngico, y antibacteriano, en muchos países durante siglos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto inmunomodulador de anís contra la enfermedad de Newcastle (ND) y la enfermedad de la bursitis infecciosa (IBD). El efecto inmunomodulador de anís contra los virus ND y e IBD se determinaron mediante la modificación del ensayo de inhibición de la migración de células del bazo y recuento diferencial de leucocitos de la inmunidad celular. La inhibición de la hemaglutinación y hemaglutinación indirecta se utilizaron para la medición de la respuesta inmune humoral contra el virus de ND e IBD, respectivamente. El presente estudio sugiere que la adición de anís a la dieta basal a la tasa de 0,5 g/kg y 1 g/kg de alimentación tuvo una mejor actividad inmunomoduladora tanto para las respuestas inmunes humorales como celulares. Sin embargo, a dosis más altas de anís tuvo efectos adversos. El anís posee una importante actividad inmunomoduladora cuando se añade en dosis más bajas, es decir, 0,5 g/kg y 1 g/kg.


Subject(s)
Animals , Immunologic Factors/pharmacology , Pimpinella/chemistry , Seeds/chemistry , Infectious bursal disease virus , Newcastle disease virus , Bursitis/prevention & control , Chickens , Newcastle Disease/prevention & control
4.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 13(3): 278-284, mayo 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-768852

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to evaluate growth promoting effect of Pimpinella anisum L. (aniseed) in broiler chickens in terms of body weight gain, organ weights, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR). For this purpose, four levels (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 grams per kg feed) of aniseed powder were administered in feed from day 0 till the end of experiment (42 days of age). The body weight gain, feed intake and FCR were recorded on weekly basis. The birds showed good performance (better weight gain, better feed intake and FCR) when aniseed was fed in lower doses however, birds showed poor performance at higher levels of aniseed. Likewise, almost same pattern was observed for organ weights. This study suggests the good effect of aniseed on performance of broiler chickens at lower doses which suggests the further need of series experiments to find out the minimum safe levels of aniseed to be incorporated in broiler ration to get desirable results.


Se realizó el presente estudio para evaluar el efecto promotor del crecimiento de Pimpinella anisum L. (anís) en pollos de engorde en términos de ganancia de peso corporal, peso de los órganos, el consumo de alimento y conversión alimenticia (FCR). Para este propósito, cuatro niveles (0,5, 1,0, 1,5 y 2,0 gramos por kg de alimento) de anís en polvo se administraron en el pienso desde el día 0 hasta el final del experimento (42 días de edad). La ganancia de peso corporal, consumo de alimento y FCR fueron registrados en forma semanal. Las aves mostraron un buen rendimiento (mejor ganancia de peso, un mejor consumo de alimento y FCR) cuando el anís se alimentó en dosis más bajas, sin embargo, las aves mostraron malos resultados en los niveles más altos de anís. Del mismo modo, se observó casi el mismo patrón de peso de los órganos. Este estudio sugiere que el buen efecto del anís en el rendimiento de pollos de engorde en dosis más bajas que sugiere la necesidad adicional de experimentos de la serie para conocer los niveles de seguridad mínimos de anís que se incorporarán en la ración de pollos de engorde para obtener los resultados deseados.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Feed , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Pimpinella/chemistry , Chickens/growth & development , Seeds/chemistry , Animal Husbandry , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Body Weight , Eating , Organ Size , Powders
5.
Nuevo León; s.n; 2012. 91 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, MTYCI | ID: biblio-911578

ABSTRACT

La planta de anís Pimpinella anisum (Saunf - Hindi) es una de las plantas medicinales más antiguas utilizadas por el hombre. Actualmente, esta planta tiene varios usos en la industria alimentaria como la especia, mientras que en la farmacopea se utiliza como expectorante en trastornos digestivos, como diurético suave y como repelente de insectos en el uso externo. En este trabajo se evaluó la actividad biológica del extracto metanólico de Pimpinella anisum sobre el crecimiento in vitro de Entamoeba histolytica HM1-IMSS bajo condiciones axénicas. Observamos que la inhibición del crecimiento de E. histolytica estaba en CI50 = 0.034 µg/mL. Los resultados confirmaron la actividad antiamobica del extracto metanólico de P. anisum.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pimpinella , Plants, Medicinal , Chromatography , Mexico , Plant Extracts
6.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 68(1): 102-108, jan.-abr. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-542099

ABSTRACT

Várias pesquisas vêm sendo desenvolvidas e direcionadas no descobrimento de novos agentes antimicrobianos provenientes de plantas, para serem aplicados em produtos farmacêuticos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro a propriedade antimicrobiana de extratos glicólicos (75%) de Psidium guajava L. (goiabeira), Syzygium cumini L. (jambolão) e Pimpinella anisum L. (erva-doce) sobre cepas padrão de Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli e Bacillus atrophaeus (esporos). Foi determinada a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) pelo método de microdiluição em caldo, seguindo-se de subcultivos e magar para determinar a concentração microbicida mínima (CMM). Os extratos apresentaram as seguintes CIM e CMM, respectivamente: goiabeira 25% e 50% para C. albicans, E. faecalis e E. coli; 12,5% e 25% para S. mutans, e, 3,12% e 6,25% para S. aureus; jambolão 25% e 50% para C. albicans, 12,5% e 25% para E. faecalis e S. aureus, e, 6,25% e 12,5% para E. coli e S. mutans; erva-doce 12,5% e 25% para C. albicans e S. mutans, 6,25% e 12,5% para E. faecalis e S. aureus, e 3,12% e 6,25% para E. coli. Conclui-se que, apesar da resistência apresentada por B. atrophaeus, os extratos utilizados demonstraram potencial antimicrobiano sobre os demais micro-organismos.


Subject(s)
Eugenia , Pimpinella , Products with Antimicrobial Action , Psidium
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